Man & Biosphere (MAB) Reserve of UNESCO

• UNESCO biosphere reserves are tangible proof that humanity can live in balance with nature.
• Since 1971, this model is used for development where people live well and biodiversity is respected.
• Globally there are 748 sites in 134 countries.
• UNESCO’s MAB Program has recognized the following two sites on 14/06/2023:
  • Chitral Bashkar Garamchashma Biosphere Reserve
  • Gallies Biosphere Reserve
• Each biosphere reserve promotes innovative local solutions
• to conserve biodiversity,
• preserve ecosystems,
• tackle climate change, and
• improve people's livelihoods.

Chitral Bashkar Garam Chashma Biosphere Reserve

This biosphere reserve is situated in Chitral, which has spectacular landscapes with 543 glaciers and 31 mountain ranges reaching altitudes of 7,000 m and more above sea level, including three peaks in Tirich Mir. The site sustains the populations of a wide range of near-threatened or vulnerable species, including the Kashmir Markhor, Siberian Ibex, Ladakh Urial, and Snow Leopard.

The biosphere reserve is home to a population of 210,000, as well as to the unique Chitral culture developed over many millennia across more than a dozen distinct peoples and many languages, including endangered Indo-Aryan languages such as Kalasha and Kalashamum. The natural beauty and cultural diversity of the biosphere reserve make it a popular and growing destination for ecotourism.

Gallies Biosphere Reserve

Gallies Biosphere Reserve is located in the moist-temperate Western Himalayan Ecoregion, which is globally recognized as being of international significance for biodiversity conservation owing to an abundance of endangered or threatened species such as the Common Leopard.

The site comprises highly diversified ecosystems, including sub-alpine meadows and conifer forests, moist temperate forests, and subtropical pine forests. The biosphere reserve is home to a population of 70,000. Due to the region’s rich cultural heritage and unique natural environment, tourism plays a vital socio-economic role. The relevant authorities have developed a variety of infrastructure for tourists, including walking treks, chairlifts, horse-riding and camping facilities, as well as tourist information centers which cater to approximately 2.5 million visitors per year.